Article
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One Wrong Pill

Thousands of teens have died after taking fake pills. Now their loved ones are fighting to help save lives.

By Mary Kate Frank
From the April 2025 Issue

Learning Objective: to identify key ideas and details in a narrative nonfiction article

Lexiles: 1070L, 880L
Other Key Skills: key ideas, summarizing, text features, cause and effect, supporting details, problem and solution, critical thinking
AS YOU READ

Why is the drug fentanyl so dangerous?

Courtesy of Avery Kalafatas

Aidan Mullin died of an accidental fentanyl overdose in 2020.

It was a crisp November morning in Ross, California, a town north of San Francisco. Fifteen-year-old Avery Kalafatas and her mom were walking home after getting coffee at their favorite café. A ringing cell phone shattered the peaceful moment.

Avery’s mom answered the call. Suddenly, her face crumpled in pain. Avery knew right away that something terrible had happened.

Indeed, the family had just received devastating news: Avery’s beloved cousin Aidan had died. He was only 18.

Avery remembers Aidan as a kind and adventurous soul. He loved spending time outdoors, whether it was hiking, fishing, or camping under the stars. Aidan was a gifted guitar player and grew his own peppers for cooking. To Avery, he was like a big brother. They grew up not far from each other, celebrating holidays and taking vacations together. Avery recalls the fun of exploring California’s Yosemite National Park with Aidan. “Part of my love for the outdoors is because of him,” she says.

Aidan dreamed of turning his passion for nature into a career. He’d been accepted into a college in northern California, where he planned to study environmental science, focusing on conservation.

But those plans were tragically cut short when Aidan took what he thought was Percocet, a painkiller that is prescribed by doctors for pain. The pill, which he purchased without a prescription through social media, wasn’t Percocet, however. It was a fake version of the painkiller that contained a deadly drug called fentanyl. That one pill killed Aidan.

Avery didn’t know much about fentanyl at the time. But she soon learned that, like Aidan, thousands of teens and young adults have died from fentanyl poisoning without ever knowing they took the drug.

After Aidan’s death, Avery was overcome with sadness. But as she educated herself about the dangers of fentanyl, her grief began to turn into frustration—and then anger.

If this is such a big issue, why aren’t more people talking about it? she wondered. 

So Avery made it her mission to change that.

It was a November morning in Ross, California. Fifteen-year-old Avery Kalafatas was on a walk with her mom. Suddenly, the ringing of a cell phone shattered their peaceful moment.

Avery’s mom answered the call. Then her face crumpled in pain. Avery knew that something terrible had happened.

Indeed, the family had just received devastating news. Avery’s beloved cousin Aidan had died. He was only 18.

Avery remembers Aidan as kind and adventurous. He loved spending time outdoors. He hiked, fished, and camped. He was also a gifted guitar player. He grew his own peppers for cooking. To Avery, he was like a big brother. They grew up not far from each other. They celebrated holidays and took vacations together. Avery explored California’s Yosemite National Park with Aidan. “Part of my love for the outdoors is because of him,” she says.

Aidan dreamed of a career in nature. He’d been accepted into a college in northern California. He planned to study environmental science, focusing on conservation.

But then Aidan took a pill that he thought was Percocet. That’s a painkiller. It is prescribed by doctors for pain. He purchased the pill without a prescription through social media. But it wasn’t Percocet. It was a fake version of the painkiller. It contained fentanyl, a deadly drug. That one pill killed Aidan.

At the time, Avery didn’t know much about fentanyl. But she soon learned that thousands of teens and young adults have died from fentanyl poisoning without ever knowing they took the drug.

After Aidan’s death, Avery was overcome with sadness. But as she educated herself about fentanyl, her grief turned into frustration. Then it turned into anger.

If this is such a big issue, why aren’t more people talking about it? she wondered.

So Avery made it her mission to change that.

Addictive and Deadly

Drug Enforcement Agency

A dose of fentanyl tiny enough to fit on the tip of a pencil can cause your breathing to stop.

Fentanyl is an opioid. Opioids are a group of powerful drugs that includes prescription painkillers, such as Vicodin and morphine, as well as illegal drugs such as heroin. Doctors sometimes prescribe opioids to cancer patients, people recovering from surgery, and others dealing with pain. But the drugs have serious risks, such as addiction and overdose. And fentanyl is one of the most dangerous opioids.

Why is fentanyl especially dangerous? Because it is extraordinarily potent. For example, fentanyl is 100 times stronger than morphine, which is itself an extremely strong painkiller. According to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), a dose of fentanyl tiny enough to fit on the tip of a pencil can cause your breathing to stop. And then there’s the fact that people often don’t know that they’re taking it.

This happens because drug dealers sometimes sell pills containing fentanyl that are deliberately made to look like common prescription medications. They also secretly add fentanyl to illegal street drugs such as cocaine and ecstasy. Drug dealers do this for several reasons.

For one, fentanyl is cheaper to produce than other drugs. Plus, fentanyl is so powerful that even tiny amounts have a strong effect on the body. Fentanyl’s cheapness, combined with its potency, makes it extremely attractive to dealers looking to maximize profits.

But the main reason criminals produce and sell drugs secretly containing fentanyl is that fentanyl is extremely addictive. For many drug dealers, the primary goal is getting more people addicted so they can make as much money as possible, says DEA Special Agent Greg Czaczkowski. He spent years pursuing some of Chicago’s most dangerous drug dealers and now trains other agents to do so.

The people at the top of the drug trade care little about the devastation that fentanyl causes, Czaczkowski explains.

“If someone happens to die from the fentanyl, that’s just part of doing business,” he says. “It doesn’t matter to them.”

Fentanyl is an opioid. Opioids are a group of powerful drugs. They include prescription painkillers, such as Vicodin and morphine. They also include illegal drugs such as heroin. Doctors sometimes prescribe opioids to cancer patients, people recovering from surgery, and others dealing with pain. But the drugs have serious risks, such as addiction and overdose. And fentanyl is one of the most dangerous opioids.

Why is fentanyl so dangerous? Because it is extremely potent. Fentanyl is 100 times stronger than morphine. A dose of fentanyl tiny enough to fit on the tip of a pencil can cause your breathing to stop, explains the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). There’s also the fact that people often don’t know that they’re taking it.

How could someone not know? Because some pills are made to look like common prescription medications. But drug dealers put fentanyl in the pills. They also secretly add fentanyl to illegal street drugs such as cocaine and ecstasy. Drug dealers do this for several reasons.

For one, fentanyl is cheaper to make than other drugs. Plus, fentanyl is powerful. Tiny amounts have a strong effect on the body. Fentanyl’s cheapness and power make it ideal for dealers looking to maximize profits.

But the main reason criminals use fentanyl in the drugs they sell is that it is extremely addictive. If more people become addicted, then the dealers can make more money, says DEA Special Agent Greg Czaczkowski. He spent years pursuing some of Chicago’s most dangerous drug dealers. Now he trains other agents.

The people at the top of the drug trade care little about the devastation that fentanyl causes, Czaczkowski explains.

“If someone happens to die from the fentanyl, that’s just part of doing business,” he says. “It doesn’t matter to them.”

Shannon Chiminello (Avery Kalafatas); Courtesy of Avery Kalafatas (Aidan Mullin)

Avery Kalafatas (above, left) and her cousin Aidan Mullin (above, right)

The Business of Fake Pills

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76% of teen overdose deaths in 2023 involved fentanyl.

SOURCE: KFF.ORG

So how exactly did Avery's cousin Aidan unknowingly end up with a pill laced with fentanyl? The answer can be traced to an illegal trade that spans two continents.

The chemicals used to produce illegal fentanyl mostly originate in China. From there, the chemicals are shipped to Mexico, where drug cartels manufacture fentanyl in labs. (Drug cartels are criminal organizations that control the production and sale of illegal drugs.) The fentanyl they produce is used to make “fenta-pills,” fake prescription drugs that look just like the real thing—but aren’t. The fentanyl is also added to street drugs to make them stronger. Both the fenta-pills and the other fentanyl-laced drugs are then smuggled into the United States. 

Here in the U.S., drug dealers sell the fenta-pills on the streets and online, advertising them as legitimate prescription pills. They target teens and young adults on popular social media platforms like Snapchat and Instagram. Buyers pay for the drugs using apps like Venmo, and dealers then ship the fake pills directly to them. 

That’s exactly how Aidan ended up with a fenta-pill. And like Aidan, most people who buy these pills have no idea they contain fentanyl. You cannot taste, smell, or see the drug, and it can be impossible to distinguish fake pills from real ones even in a side-by-side comparison. 

Deaths from drug overdoses have risen dramatically in recent years. And experts say fake pills and other fentanyl-laced drugs are a major reason why. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from 2019 to 2021, overdose deaths more than doubled among people ages 10 to 19. More than 80 percent of those deaths involved illegal fentanyl.

So how did Aidan unknowingly end up with a pill laced with fentanyl? The answer starts with an illegal trade that spans two continents.

The chemicals used to make illegal fentanyl mostly come from China. They are shipped to Mexico. There, drug cartels use the chemicals to make fentanyl in labs. (Drug cartels are criminal organizations. They control the production and sale of illegal drugs.) The fentanyl they produce is used to make “fenta-pills.” These are pills that look like real prescription drugs. But they are fake. The fentanyl is also added to street drugs. It makes them stronger. Both the fenta-pills and the other fentanyl-laced drugs are then smuggled into the United States.

In the U.S., drug dealers sell the fenta-pills on the streets and online. They advertise them as legitimate prescription pills. They use Snapchat, Instagram, and other social media platforms to target teens and young adults. Buyers pay for the drugs using apps like Venmo. Dealers ship the fake pills directly to them.

That’s how Aidan got his fenta-pill. Like Aidan, most people who buy these pills do not know they contain fentanyl. You cannot taste, smell, or see the drug. It can be impossible to pick out a fake pill from real ones.

Deaths from drug overdoses have risen dramatically in recent years. Experts say fake pills and other fentanyl-laced drugs are a major reason why. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from 2019 to 2021, overdose deaths more than doubled among people ages 10 to 19. More than 80 percent of those deaths involved illegal fentanyl.

Teens Educating Teens

Phil Pasquini/Shutterstock.com

Protesters holding signs to raise awareness about the dangers of fentanyl

When Avery began researching the teen fentanyl crisis, she realized that many of the people speaking out about it were adults. But she believed the message would be even more powerful coming from young people themselves.

“Having an open conversation about fentanyl can be the difference between life and death,” says Avery, now 19. “But a lot of kids don’t listen to adults the way that they do when it’s peer to peer.”

That’s why, in 2022, a little over a year after Aidan’s death, Avery founded Project 1 Life, a teen-led nonprofit. The organization empowers young people to educate their peers about the dangers of fentanyl poisoning as well as prescription drug abuse. “You only have one life—and it only takes one wrong pill to take that away,” Avery says. “We’re equipping young adults to spread the word.”

Project 1 Life does that by recruiting middle and high school ambassadors and providing them with educational materials about the prescription drug epidemic and fenta-pills. Those teens can then start Project 1 Life groups at their own schools. Today 300 ambassadors in 22 states are spreading the word through posters, social media messages, and lunchtime talks.

They share important, life-saving information about how to recognize when someone is having a drug overdose and what to do about it, such as administering a medication called naloxone. Often sold under the brand name Narcan, naloxone is a drug that can be purchased without a prescription, just like Advil or Tylenol. Naloxone can reverse opioid overdoses, including fentanyl overdoses, if administered quickly.

Knowing what to do in this type of emergency is key, Avery says. According to a 2022 study by the CDC, bystanders—such as friends or family members—were present or nearby during two-thirds of adolescent overdose deaths. (Nearly all of those deaths were from opioids.) Yet most of those bystanders didn’t take action—or acted too late.

When Avery began researching the teen fentanyl crisis, she realized that many of the people speaking out about it were adults. But she thought the message would be more powerful coming from young people.

“Having an open conversation about fentanyl can be the difference between life and death,” says Avery, now 19. “But a lot of kids don’t listen to adults the way that they do when it’s peer to peer.”

So in 2022, about a year after Aidan’s death, Avery founded Project 1 Life. It’s a teen-led nonprofit. The organization trains young people to educate their peers about the dangers of fentanyl poisoning as well as prescription drug abuse. “You only have one life—and it only takes one wrong pill to take that away,” Avery says. “We’re equipping young adults to spread the word.”

Project 1 Life recruits middle and high school ambassadors. It provides them with educational materials about the prescription drug epidemic and fenta-pills. Those teens can then start Project 1 Life groups at their own schools. Today 300 ambassadors in 22 states are spreading the word through posters, social media messages, and lunchtime talks.

They explain how to recognize when someone is having a drug overdose. They also explain what to do about it, such as administering a medication called naloxone. It’s a drug often sold under the brand name Narcan. It can be purchased without a prescription, just like Advil or Tylenol. Naloxone can reverse opioid overdoses, including fentanyl overdoses, if administered quickly.

Knowing what to do is key, Avery says. According to a 2022 study by the CDC, friends or family members were present or nearby during two-thirds of adolescent overdose deaths. (Nearly all of those deaths were from opioids.) Yet most of those bystanders didn’t take action. Or they acted too late.

Ringo Chiu/AFP via Getty Images

Fighting for Life

Americans across the country have called on business and government leaders to do more to protect young people from fentanyl. 

Powerful Voices

Avery and the other young people involved with Project 1 Life aren’t the only ones stepping up to prevent accidental fentanyl overdoses. Across the country, other teens are helping to lead the charge as well.

In both Tempe, Arizona, and Prince George’s County, Maryland, students have created powerful public service announcements about the dangers of fentanyl. A teen in Naperville, Illinois, helped get a law passed that requires all high schools statewide to teach students about fentanyl, including how to use naloxone.

Meanwhile, teens in Durango, Colorado, successfully pushed for a new state law that allows students to carry and administer naloxone in school. They were moved to action after a fentanyl-laced painkiller killed one of their classmates.

Efforts like these go a long way, experts say. DEA agent Czaczkowski—who has spoken about the dangers of fentanyl to thousands of students—says young voices have a powerful effect.

“It’s very impactful when teens share stories with other teens,” he says. “They are on the frontlines.”

Avery and the Project 1 Life teens are taking action to prevent accidental fentanyl overdoses. Across the country, other teens are helping to end the crisis too.

In both Tempe, Arizona, and Prince George’s County, Maryland, students have created public service announcements about the dangers of fentanyl. A teen in Naperville, Illinois, helped get a law passed. It requires high schools statewide to teach students about fentanyl, including how to use naloxone.

Teens in Durango, Colorado, also got a new state law passed. It allows students to carry and administer naloxone in school. They were moved to action after a fentanyl-laced painkiller killed one of their classmates.

Efforts like these go a long way, experts say. DEA agent Czaczkowski has spoken about the dangers of fentanyl to thousands of students. He says young voices have a powerful effect.

“It’s very impactful when teens share stories with other teens,” he says. “They are on the frontlines.”

Remembering Aidan

Shutterstock.com

The DEA took 53 million+ fake, fentanyl-laced pills off the streets in 2024.

SOURCE: DEA

Fortunately, research suggests there’s reason for hope when it comes to the fentanyl crisis. The latest CDC data indicates that, overall, drug deaths have started to decline in the U.S. From July 2023 to July 2024, overdose deaths fell by about 17 percent. It’s too soon to say why, but experts point to the increased availability of naloxone as a likely reason.

Despite the positive news, teen overdose deaths remain much higher than they were just six years ago. Behind those numbers are real people, like Aidan. His death continues to fuel Avery’s fight against fentanyl. She is currently a sophomore at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire and plans to pursue a career in health care. When she’s not in class or studying, she works with her local emergency medical services team. The job includes helping to save people who are experiencing overdoses. Aidan is never far from her mind.

“I do always think: If someone like me, with my training, was there when Aidan had overdosed, what would be different?” she says. “If I can be the person that can prevent someone else’s family member having that same thought, I’m going to be there.”

Fortunately, research suggests there’s reason for hope when it comes to the fentanyl crisis. Drug deaths have started to decline in the U.S. From July 2023 to July 2024, overdose deaths fell by about 17 percent, says the CDC. It’s too soon to say why. But experts say the availability of naloxone is a likely reason.

Even so, teen overdose deaths are still much higher than they were six years ago. Behind those numbers are real people, like Aidan. His death continues to fuel Avery’s fight against fentanyl. She is currently a sophomore at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. She plans to pursue a career in health care. When she’s not in class or studying, she works with her local emergency medical services team. The job includes helping to save people who are experiencing overdoses. Aidan is never far from her mind.

“I do always think: If someone like me, with my training, was there when Aidan had overdosed, what would be different?” she says. “If I can be the person that can prevent someone else’s family member having that same thought, I’m going to be there.”

Icon of a lightbulb

Writing Prompt

Drawing on information from the article, create a video, a slideshow, or an infographic about the dangers of fentanyl. Be sure to include information about what can be done to address the crisis.

Writing Prompt

Drawing on information from the article, create a video, a slideshow, or an infographic about the dangers of fentanyl. Be sure to include information about what can be done to address the crisis.

This article was originally published in the April 2025 issue.

This article was originally published in the April 2025 issue.

Audio ()
Activities (6)
Quizzes (1)
Answer Key (1)
Audio ()
Activities (6)
Quizzes (1)
Answer Key (1)
Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Close Reading, Critical Thinking, Skill Building

Essential Questions: What is addiction? Why are opioids so dangerous? Why are drugs especially addictive to teens?

Essential Questions: What is addiction? Why are opioids so dangerous? Why are drugs especially addictive to teens?


1. Prepare to Read

(10 minutes)

Preview Vocabulary (10 minutes)

Project the Google Slides version of Vocabulary: Definitions and Practice on your whiteboard. Review the definitions and complete the activity as a class. Highlighted words:  ambassadors, frontlines, laced, legitimate, prescribed, potent, smuggled. Audio pronunciations of the words and a read-aloud of the definitions are embedded on the slides. Optionally, print the PDF version or share the slideshow link directly to your LMS and have students preview the words and complete the activity independently before class.

Project the Google Slides version of Vocabulary: Definitions and Practice on your whiteboard. Review the definitions and complete the activity as a class. Highlighted words:  ambassadors, frontlines, laced, legitimate, prescribed, potent, smuggled. Audio pronunciations of the words and a read-aloud of the definitions are embedded on the slides. Optionally, print the PDF version or share the slideshow link directly to your LMS and have students preview the words and complete the activity independently before class.

2. Read and Discuss

(45 minutes)

Invite a volunteer to read the As You Read box on page 5 or at the top of the digital story page.

Read the article once as a class. (Differentiation: Share the lower-Lexile version or the Spanish version of the article.) Optionally, have students listen to the audio read-aloud while they follow along. The audio read-aloud is located in the Resources tab in Teacher View and at the top of the story page in Student View.

Divide students into groups to read the article again and respond to the following Discussion Questions, also located in the Resources tab.

Invite a volunteer to read the As You Read box on page 4 or at the top of the digital story page.

Read the article once as a class. (Differentiation: Share the lower-Lexile version or the Spanish version of the article.) Optionally, have students listen to author Talia Cowen read the article aloud while they follow along. The audio read-aloud is located in the Resources tab in Teacher View and at the top of the story page in Student View.

Divide students into groups to read the article again and respond to the following Discussion Questions, also located in the Resources tab.

Discussion Questions (30 minutes)

1. Drug dealers sometimes sell fentanyl to people who don’t know they are buying it. How do drug dealers trick people into buying fentanyl, and why do drug dealers do this? (key ideas, summarizing) Drug dealers trick people into buying fentanyl in two ways. One way is by selling what appear to be prescription medications but are actually fentanyl pills, or fenta-pills. The other way is by secretly adding fentanyl to street drugs. Drug dealers secretly sell fentanyl for several reasons. First, fentanyl is cheaper to produce than other drugs, so it costs dealers less than the drugs they claim to be selling. In addition, fentanyl is extremely potent, so it takes only a small amount of the drug to have a powerful effect. Finally, fentanyl is extremely addictive, so drug dealers add it to their drugs to ensure users will come back to buy more. The bottom line is that drug dealers sell fentanyl to unknowing buyers in order to maximize their profits.

2. According to the sidebar “Addiction and the Teenage Brain,” why are opioids addictive? Why are teens especially vulnerable to addiction?
(text features, cause and effect) According to the sidebar, when someone takes an opioid, their brain releases a chemical called dopamine that makes them feel good. Over time, opioids can cause that person’s brain chemistry to change so that they need opioids for their brain to release dopamine. In other words, the person needs opioids to feel good. Teens are especially vulnerable to addiction because their brains are still developing and are very sensitive to dopamine.
 
3. In the section “The Business of Fake Pills,” which details support the idea that illegal fentanyl-laced drugs are a serious problem?
(supporting details) The idea that illegal fentanyl-laced drugs are a serious problem is supported in the section “The Business of Fake Pills” by the information that many people have no idea that a pill they purchased contains fentanyl, and because fentanyl has no taste or smell, it is impossible to distinguish real pills from fake ones. The section also mentions that overdose deaths more than doubled among people ages 10 to 19 from 2019 to 2021 and that more than 80 percent of those deaths involved illegal fentanyl.

4. Why did Avery Kalafatas create Project 1 Life? What does the organization do?
(problem and solution) After Avery’s cousin died of a fentanyl overdose and she began researching the teen fentanyl crisis, she realized that many of the people speaking out about the crisis were adults. She believed that it would be more powerful for teens to hear about the dangers of fentanyl from other teens. So Avery decided to create an organization, Project 1 Life, that empowers young people to educate their peers about the dangers of fentanyl poisoning and prescription drug abuse. Project 1 Life recruits middle and high school ambassadors and provides them with educational materials about the prescription drug epidemic and fenta-pills. The teen ambassadors then spread the word at their schools through posters, social media messages, and lunchtime talks. Project 1 Life ambassadors also share information about how to tell when someone is having a drug overdose and how to help that person.
 
5. Why might peer-to-peer discussions about the opioid crisis be more effective than adult-led discussions? Do you think you would be more willing to listen to a peer over an adult on this topic?
(critical thinking) Responses will vary. Students may offer that they would feel more comfortable discussing the opioid crisis with other teens than with adults because they would expect the conversation to be less judgmental or accusatory with a person their own age. Or students may offer that a conversation about the dangers of fentanyl with someone their age would be impactful in a way that another warning from adults—who are constantly warning teens about various risks and hazards—would be. Hearing from a person their own age who could share personal stories or experiences could also be very powerful.

1. Drug dealers sometimes sell fentanyl to people who don’t know they are buying it. How do drug dealers trick people into buying fentanyl, and why do drug dealers do this? (key ideas, summarizing) Drug dealers trick people into buying fentanyl in two ways. One way is by selling what appear to be prescription medications but are actually fentanyl pills, or fenta-pills. The other way is by secretly adding fentanyl to street drugs. Drug dealers secretly sell fentanyl for several reasons. First, fentanyl is cheaper to produce than other drugs, so it costs dealers less than the drugs they claim to be selling. In addition, fentanyl is extremely potent, so it takes only a small amount of the drug to have a powerful effect. Finally, fentanyl is extremely addictive, so drug dealers add it to their drugs to ensure users will come back to buy more. The bottom line is that drug dealers sell fentanyl to unknowing buyers in order to maximize their profits. 

2. According to the sidebar “Addiction and the Teenage Brain,” why are opioids addictive? Why are teens especially vulnerable to addiction? 
(text features, cause and effect) According to the sidebar, when someone takes an opioid, their brain releases a chemical called dopamine that makes them feel good. Over time, opioids can cause that person’s brain chemistry to change so that they need opioids for their brain to release dopamine. In other words, the person needs opioids to feel good. Teens are especially vulnerable to addiction because their brains are still developing and are very sensitive to dopamine.
 
3. In the section “The Business of Fake Pills,” which details support the idea that illegal fentanyl-laced drugs are a serious problem? 
(supporting details) The idea that illegal fentanyl-laced drugs are a serious problem is supported in the section “The Business of Fake Pills” by the information that many people have no idea that a pill they purchased contains fentanyl, and because fentanyl has no taste or smell, it is impossible to distinguish real pills from fake ones. The section also mentions that overdose deaths more than doubled among people ages 10 to 19 from 2019 to 2021 and that more than 80 percent of those deaths involved illegal fentanyl. 

4. Why did Avery Kalafatas create Project 1 Life? What does the organization do? 
(problem and solution) After Avery’s cousin died of a fentanyl overdose and she began researching the teen fentanyl crisis, she realized that many of the people speaking out about the crisis were adults. She believed that it would be more powerful for teens to hear about the dangers of fentanyl from other teens. So Avery decided to create an organization, Project 1 Life, that empowers young people to educate their peers about the dangers of fentanyl poisoning and prescription drug abuse. Project 1 Life recruits middle and high school ambassadors and provides them with educational materials about the prescription drug epidemic and fenta-pills. The teen ambassadors then spread the word at their schools through posters, social media messages, and lunchtime talks. Project 1 Life ambassadors also share information about how to tell when someone is having a drug overdose and how to help that person.
 
5. Why might peer-to-peer discussions about the opioid crisis be more effective than adult-led discussions? Do you think you would be more willing to listen to a peer over an adult on this topic? 
(critical thinking) Responses will vary. Students may offer that they would feel more comfortable discussing the opioid crisis with other teens than with adults because they would expect the conversation to be less judgmental or accusatory with a person their own age. Or students may offer that a conversation about the dangers of fentanyl with someone their age would be impactful in a way that another warning from adults—who are constantly warning teens about various risks and hazards—would be. Hearing from a person their own age who could share personal stories or experiences could also be very powerful.

3. Write About It: Key Ideas and Details

(45 minutes)

Have students complete the Featured Skill Activity: Key Ideas and Details. This activity prepares them to respond to the writing prompt on page 9 in the printed magazine and at the bottom of the digital story page:

Drawing on information from the article, create a video, a slideshow, or an infographic about the dangers of fentanyl. Be sure to include information about what can be done to address the crisis.

Have students complete the Featured Skill Activity: Key Ideas and Details. This activity prepares them to respond to the writing prompt on page 9 in the printed magazine and at the bottom of the digital story page:

Drawing on information from the article, create a video, a slideshow, or an infographic about the dangers of fentanyl. Be sure to include information about what can be done to address the crisis. 

Support for Multilingual Learners

These questions are designed to help students respond
to the text at a level that’s right for them.

Yes/No Questions

Ask students to demonstrate comprehension with a very simple answer.

1. Did Aidan Mullin know he took fentanyl? No, he didn’t.

2. Is fentanyl addictive? Yes, it is.

3. Is fentanyl expensive to make? No, it’s not.

4. Is it easy to tell when fentanyl has been added to a drug? No, it isn’t.

5. Is fentanyl dangerous? Yes, it is.

Ask students to demonstrate comprehension with a very simple answer.

1. Did Aidan Mullin know he took fentanyl? No, he didn’t.

2. Is fentanyl addictive? Yes, it is.

3. Is fentanyl expensive to make? No, it’s not.

4. Is it easy to tell when fentanyl has been added to a drug? No, it isn’t.

5. Is fentanyl dangerous? Yes, it is. 

Either/Or Questions

Encourage students to use language from the question in their answer.

1. Did Aidan Mullin die from a real or a fake prescription medication? He died from a fake prescription medication.

2. Is fentanyl a strong or a weak opioid? Fentanyl is a strong opioid.

3. Are teenagers more or less likely than adults to become addicted to drugs? Teenagers are more likely than adults to become addicted to drugs.

4. Is Project 1 Life led by teens or adults? Project 1 Life is led by teens.

5. Can naloxone help or hurt during an overdose? Naloxone can help during an overdose.

Encourage students to use language from the question in their answer.

1. Did Aidan Mullin die from a real or a fake prescription medication? He died from a fake prescription medication.

2. Is fentanyl a strong or a weak opioid? Fentanyl is a strong opioid.

3. Are teenagers more or less likely than adults to become addicted to drugs? Teenagers are more likely than adults to become addicted to drugs.

4. Is Project 1 Life led by teens or adults? Project 1 Life is led by teens.

5. Can naloxone help or hurt during an overdose? Naloxone can help during an overdose.

Short-Answer Questions

Challenge students to produce simple answers on their own. 

1. How are fake pills getting into the U.S.? Fake pills are getting into the U.S. from drug cartels in Mexico that make the fake pills and sneak them into the country.

2. How is Project 1 Life helping teens? Project 1 Life is giving teens information about the dangers of fentanyl and prescription drug abuse.

Challenge students to produce simple answers on their own. 

1. How are fake pills getting into the U.S.? Fake pills are getting into the U.S. from drug cartels in Mexico that make the fake pills and sneak them into the country.

2. How is Project 1 Life helping teens? Project 1 Life is giving teens information about the dangers of fentanyl and prescription drug abuse.

Language Acquisition Springboard: 

Fill in the five “W” words while reading, then use the answers to generate questions after reading. 

Who? (Which person or people is this article mainly about?) American teenagers (Alternative answer: Avery Kalafatas)

What? (What event does this article describe?) an epidemic of overdose deaths from fentanyl (Alternative answer: the creation of Project 1 Life)

When? (At what time did this event occur?) 2019 to the present (Alternative answer: 2022)

Where? (In what place or location did this event take place?) states across the U.S.

Why? (What was the cause of this event?) Drugs containing fentanyl are illegally made and sold to teens who do not realize what they are buying. (Alternative answer: to help educate teens about the dangers of fentanyl and prescription drug abuse)

Fill in the five “W” words while reading, then use the answers to generate questions after reading. 

Who? (Which person or people is this article mainly about?) American teenagers (Alternative answer: Avery Kalafatas)

What? (What event does this article describe?) an epidemic of overdose deaths from fentanyl (Alternative answer: the creation of Project 1 Life) 

When? (At what time did this event occur?) 2019 to the present (Alternative answer: 2022)

Where? (In what place or location did this event take place?) states across the U.S.

Why? (What was the cause of this event?) Drugs containing fentanyl are illegally made and sold to teens who do not realize what they are buying. (Alternative answer: to help educate teens about the dangers of fentanyl and prescription drug abuse)

Text-to-Speech