Image of scam advertisements rushing out of a phone screen
Illustration by Randy Pollak; Shutterstock.com

Can You Spot a Scam?

Millions of Americans were tricked out of money or personal information online last year. Here’s what you need to know to protect yourself.

By Mary Kate Frank
From the February 2024 Issue

Learning Objective: to read a short informational text, then craft a constructed response that includes a claim, text evidence, and commentary

Lexile: 960L

You’re scrolling through Instagram when you spot them: Nike Air Jordan 12 sneakers. You’ve been saving up for a pair for months. The caption reads: “Special sale! $100! Today only. Hurry!”

You’re amazed. These sneakers usually cost twice that much. You immediately message the account, and the seller says paying by app is fastest. You are already imagining those Jordans on your feet as you click to pay. 

Then you wait for the shoes to arrive. 

And wait. 

And wait.

The shoes never show up. 

What happened?

It sounds like you got scammed. 

A scam is a trick designed to cheat someone out of something. Often, scammers are trying to steal money or personal information that they can use to open a credit card in someone else’s name. In recent years, online scams have become a major problem—particularly for young people. In 2022, online scammers managed to steal more than $210 million from people under the age of 20. 

Fortunately, there are ways to protect yourself.

Too Good to Be True?

Ignore offers to “collect” free things. 

You’re most likely to encounter scammers when shopping online. Scammers often use low prices to grab your attention, and they create a sense of urgency to get you to act fast. They might, for example, claim that PlayStations or concert tickets are selling out quickly, suggesting that you’d better hurry or you’ll miss out big time. 

Once you’ve given a scammer money, the items you bought might never arrive—or you might receive a fake instead. Nike recently sued nearly 600 websites for selling fake versions of its sneakers.

Scammers usually prefer payments through apps like Zelle, Venmo, or Cash App because the money is transferred instantly. Unfortunately, that can make it more difficult to get your money back. 

The best ways to avoid online shopping scams are to never (ever) send money to strangers and to be cautious of items that seem oddly low-priced. If a deal sounds too good to be true, it probably is.

Special Rewards

Tell a trusted adult if a company contacts you online.

Online shopping sites aren’t the only places where scammers lurk. Gaming platforms like Roblox and games like Fortnite also attract criminals. The games are free, but you can make purchases, such as clothing for your avatar, while playing. 

Here’s one nefarious way scammers trick players: A scammer sends a message offering special rewards in the game—like free coins. Because you can purchase things in the game, the offer might not seem that strange. But clicking the link will take you to a website asking for your username or other personal information or requiring you to download something to get the reward. It’s through this step that a scammer can steal a lot of money quickly, for example by getting access to a parent’s bank account or credit card.

The good news is that you can avoid being tricked. Always log into games through official sites or apps, and never click on ads or links unless you know for certain that they are legitimate. Ignore offers to “collect” anything being given out for free. 

Most important of all, never share your password or other personal information.

Social Media Stardom


Share your password or other personal information.

On social media, scammers often prey on people’s desire to be famous. One common con goes like this: A cool clothing company messages you on TikTok, asking you to represent its brand. This is your chance to be the next big social media influencer! You can already see your future filled with millions of likes and followers. 

But first . . . the company wants you to participate in a quick training session. Just send $50, and you can begin.

Don’t do it! 

This is a trick. Scammers create fake accounts to make you believe they work for a particular company. They might offer you a job or brand partnership. Then they request money for training or a background check. After you send the money, guess what happens? The scammer disappears. 

Real jobs don’t make you pay fees up front. Research any company that contacts you online, and tell a trusted adult, such as a parent, about any communications you receive. You can also google the brand’s name and the word scam and see what comes up. 

It’s a sad reality that scammers are out there, but by being cautious, you can avoid becoming their next victim.

Short Write: Constructed Response

Imagine you get a message online stating that you’ve won a free phone. What should you do and why, according to the article? Answer in a short paragraph. Use text evidence.

This article was originally published in the February 2024 issue.

Audio ()
Activities (5)
Quizzes (1)
Answer Key (1)
Audio ()
Activities (5)
Quizzes (1)
Answer Key (1)
Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Close Reading, Critical Thinking, Skill Building

1. PREPARE TO READ (10 MINUTES)

Preview Vocabulary (10 minutes)

Project the Google Slides version of Vocabulary: Definitions and Practice on your whiteboard. Review the definitions and complete the activity as a class. Highlighted words: con, legitimate, lurk, nefarious. Audio pronunciations of the words and a read-aloud of the definitions are embedded on the slides. Optionally, print the PDF version or share the slideshow link directly to your LMS and have students preview the words and complete the activity independently before class.

2. READ AND DISCUSS (20 MINUTES)

  • For students’ first read, have them follow along as they listen to the audio read-aloud, located in the Resources tab in Teacher View and at the top of the story page in Student View.
  • Have students read the story again. 
  • Optionally, divide students into groups to complete the Core Skills Workout: Central Ideas and Details activity. This graphic organizer asks students to identify the central idea and supporting details of each section of the article and the central idea of the article as a whole. (This activity comes on two levels, with more or less scaffolding.) 
  • Reconvene as a class. Together, choose three of the ads in the illustration at the beginning of the article and explain how you can tell that they are likely scams. Encourage students to support their ideas with text evidence from the article.

3. WRITE ABOUT IT (20 MINUTES)

Have students complete the Short Write Kit. This activity guides students to write a claim, support it with text evidence, and provide commentary in response to the prompt on page 11 in the printed magazine and at the bottom of the digital story page:

Imagine you get a message online stating that you’ve won a free phone. What should you do and why, according to the article? Answer in a short paragraph. Use text evidence.

Text-to-Speech